Título del artículo:

Ventricular Volume Dynamics During the Development of Adult Chronic Communicating Hydrocephalus in a Rodent Model

Introduction: The pathophysiology of normal-pressure hydrocephalus and the correlation with its symptomatology is not well understood. Objective: To monitor and evaluate the enlargement patterns of the ventricular system for each ventricle and its correlation with the presenting symptoms. Methods: Bilateral kaolin injection into the subarachnoid space overlying the cranial convexities was done in 18 adult rats. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on an 11.7-T scanner 15, 60, 90, and 120 days after injection. Volumes of the ventricular system were measured for each ventricle and correlated with biweekly behavioral findings. Results: There was a progressive increase in the ventricular volume for the lateral ventricles since day 15 in the kaolin-injected animals. There was a nonsignificant trend in volume growth for the third ventricle, but its enlargement was synchronous with the lateral ventricles. No significant change for the fourth ventricle. No symptoms were detected in the first 60 days. Association was found between the ventricular volume and locomotor changes. In addition, the odds of locomotor symptoms increased by 3% for every additional cubic millimeter of volume in the left (P < 0.001) and right (P = 0.023) ventricles, and for the total magnetic resonance imaging volume by 1% (P = 0.013). Conclusions: Expansion of the lateral ventricles maintained similar proportions over time, accompanied by a synchronous third ventricular expansion with less proportion and a nonsignificant fourth enlargement. Lateral ventricles enlarged most in those animals that were to develop late locomotor deterioration. Further research using this animal model combined with different radiologic imaging techniques, such as diffusion tensor imaging and perfusion studies, is recommended.

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World Neurosurgery

Título del artículo:

Tobacco waste ash: a promising supplementary cementitious material

According to the European Cement Association, CEMBUREAU, in 2015, the global cement production was 4.6 billion tons. Traditional cement production emits approximately 1 ton of CO2 per ton of cement, which represents almost 80% of the total CO2 emissions of concrete and approximately 6% of the world’s emissions. Among supplementary cementitious materials, the use of agro-waste ash emerges due to its reduced CO2 emissions, chloride diffusion, and materials cost, in addition to its greater compressive strength. In Colombia, the disposal of agro-wastes, such as tobacco waste, is an environmental and economic concern. In this study, ash obtained from tobacco waste (TWA) was studied as a sustainable partial replacement for cement in hydraulic concrete. The TWA was reduced to a particle size of less than 75 μm and was characterized by X-ray florescence. A central composite design was used to study the influence of the ash replacement percentage of cement and the water/binder (w/b) ratio on the compressive strength at 28 days. The results show that it is possible to replace 10% of the cement with TWA using a 0.5 w/b ratio and obtain a 51% higher compressive strength than the control mixture at 28 days. Moreover, the experimental results demonstrated an improvement of 86% in the 7-day compressive strength when TWA was used.

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International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering

Título del artículo:

Association of dairy intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 21 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study

Background: Dietary guidelines recommend minimising consumption of whole-fat dairy products, as they are a source of saturated fats and presumed to adversely affect blood lipids and increase cardiovascular disease and mortality. Evidence for this contention is sparse and few data for the effects of dairy consumption on health are available from low-income and middle-income countries. Therefore, we aimed to assess the associations between total dairy and specific types of dairy products with mortality and major cardiovascular disease. Methods: The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study is a large multinational cohort study of individuals aged 35–70 years enrolled from 21 countries in five continents. Dietary intakes of dairy products for 136 384 individuals were recorded using country-specific validated food frequency questionnaires. Dairy products comprised milk, yoghurt, and cheese. We further grouped these foods into whole-fat and low-fat dairy. The primary outcome was the composite of mortality or major cardiovascular events (defined as death from cardiovascular causes, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure). Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using multivariable Cox frailty models with random intercepts to account for clustering of participants by centre. Findings: Between Jan 1, 2003, and July 14, 2018, we recorded 10 567 composite events (deaths [n=6796] or major cardiovascular events [n=5855]) during the 9·1 years of follow-up. Higher intake of total dairy (>2 servings per day compared with no intake) was associated with a lower risk of the composite outcome (HR 0·84, 95% CI 0·75–0·94; ptrend=0·0004), total mortality (0·83, 0·72–0·96; ptrend=0·0052), non-cardiovascular mortality (0·86, 0·72–1·02; ptrend=0·046), cardiovascular mortality (0·77, 0·58–1·01; ptrend=0·029), major cardiovascular disease (0·78, 0·67–0·90; ptrend=0·0001), and stroke (0·66, 0·53–0·82; ptrend=0·0003). No significant association with myocardial infarction was observed (HR 0·89, 95% CI 0·71–1·11; ptrend=0·163). Higher intake (>1 serving vs no intake) of milk (HR 0·90, 95% CI 0·82–0·99; ptrend=0·0529) and yogurt (0·86, 0·75–0·99; ptrend=0·0051) was associated with lower risk of the composite outcome, whereas cheese intake was not significantly associated with the composite outcome (0·88, 0·76–1·02; ptrend=0·1399). Butter intake was low and was not significantly associated with clinical outcomes (HR 1·09, 95% CI 0·90–1·33; ptrend=0·4113). Interpretation: Dairy consumption was associated with lower risk of mortality and major cardiovascular disease events in a diverse multinational cohort. Funding: Full funding sources are listed at the end of the paper (see Acknowledgments).

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The Lancet

Título del artículo:

In Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding “Evidences in Neurological Surgery and a Cutting Edge Classification of the Trigeminocardiac Reflex: A Systematic Review”

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World Neurosurgery

Título del artículo:

Factorial structure of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 as a depression screening instrument for university students in Cartagena, Colombia

Previous studies on the factorial structure of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) have yielded divergent results, and there is no consensus on which factorial structure provides a more adequate fit. In Colombia, no precise method to estimate the factorial structure of the PHQ-9 has been used. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the factorial structure of the PHQ-9 as a depression screening tool in university students of Colombia from a model of two factors previously studied. The PHQ-9 was applied to 550 health science university students. A factorial confirmatory analysis was carried out using a structural equations model and invariance analysis. The model with one somatic factor and one non-somatic factor, achieved a better fit with invariance by gender. The PHQ-9 used as a depression screening tool used in university students in Cartagena revealed two factors, one somatic and one non-somatic with measurement invariance by gender.

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Psychiatry Research

Título del artículo:

Drying of Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) as a potentialfood product for international commercialization

This paper describes the drying process conditions with the objective to minimise the negative effect over the final quality of the dry Yacon (mallanthus sonchifolius) for international commercialization. Yacon is a tuberous root that grows throughout the Andean mountains in different South American countries. During the last years the interest for this product has been increasing and researchers have collected information that indicates the great potential of yacon. The product cultivation has been promoted over the past few years, due to the health benefits found after consumption. This agricultural product contains FOS (Fructo Oligo Sacarides) of low molecular weight, which is used as alternative sweeteners and, due to the small amount of calories is also attractive and good for overweight and diabetic people. Due to the outstanding importance of its health properties, this studied was carried out to achieve the best parameters of the drying process. For this paper, an experiment was performed considering two factors of the drying process: thickness of the layer (2cm, 4cm and 6cm) and temperature (60°C, 70°C and 80°C), with measurements of the physicochemical properties in fresh, before drying and after the drying process, with three replicates for each combination of levels.

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

Título del artículo:

Toxic activity, molecular modeling and docking simulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry11 toxin variants obtained via DNA shuffling

The Cry11 family belongs to a large group of δ-endotoxins that share three distinct structural domains. Among the dipteran-active toxins referred to as three-domain Cry11 toxins, the Cry11Aa protein from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) has been the most extensively studied. Despite the potential of Bti as an effective biological control agent, the understanding of Cry11 toxins remains incomplete. In this study, five Cry11 variants obtained via DNA shuffling displayed toxic activity against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Three of these Cry11 variants (8, 23, and 79) were characterized via 3D modeling and analysis of docking with ALP1. The relevant mutations in these variants, such as deletions, insertions and point mutations, are discussed in relation to their structural domains, toxic activities and toxin-receptor interactions. Importantly, deletion of the N-terminal segment in domain I was not associated with any change in toxic activity, and domain III exhibited higher sequence variability than domains I and II. Variant 8 exhibited up to 3.78- and 6.09-fold higher toxicity to A. aegypti than Cry11Bb and Cry11Aa, respectively. Importantly, variant 79 showed an α-helix conformation at the C-terminus and formed crystals retaining toxic activity. These findings indicate that five Cry11 variants were preferentially reassembled from the cry11Aa gene during DNA shuffling. The mutations described in loop 2 and loop 3 of domain II provide valuable information regarding the activity of Cry11 toxins against A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus larvae and reveal new insights into the application of directed evolution strategies to study the genetic variability of specific domains in cry11 family genes.

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Frontiers in Microbiology

Título del artículo:

Effect of kinesiotaping on quadriceps strength in healthy subjects

Introduction: The application of kinesiotaping has been commonly used for the treatment and prevention of musculoskeletal disorders. In addition, it has been recognized its neurostimulatory mechanisms that could increase muscle strength; the evidence shown for this effect is not conclusive though. Objective: To evaluate the effect of Kinesiotaping (KT) with and without tension on the muscular strength and endurance of the quadriceps in healthy subjects. Methods: An experimental study was conducted randomized into two intervention groups, one application of tension KT and one without tension. The strength measurements were performed before and after application of therapeutic tape. Results: No found changes on muscle strength and the endurance of group without tension, however, the strength on group with tension after application of the tape decreased (pre KT: 25 kg / f vs post KT: 23.18 kg/f; p<0,05. Conclusion: KT facilitation technique applied on the quadriceps, it does not increase muscle strength and endurance. This suggests that there should be applied with objectives to improve these capabilities in healthy subjects.

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Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomedicas

Título del artículo:

Innovative culture in companies contractors of the carbon exploitation mines in Colombia

The features and types of innovative culture in contractors of mining companies at Cesar Department, in Colombia is studied and analyzed. The research is of quantitative and descriptive type. The results indicate that the predominant feature in the characteristics of the dominant organization is the conception of the company as an extended family. With respect to the management of personnel, the promotion of teamwork, consensus and participation predominates among companies. Also, the predominant feature of the organizational link, is the conception of the company as a space characterized by loyalty, commitment and mutual trust. On the other hand, in the feature of success criteria, companies promote the development of human resources.

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Informacion Tecnologica

Título del artículo:

Frequency of Neospora caninum in double purpose cattle on herds at the State of Guárico, Venezuela

It was carried out an investigation to determine the frequency of Neospora caninum in double purpose cattle. Blood samples (n= 890) were collected in four age groups: 0-6 mo, 6-12 mo, 12-24 mo and >24 mo. The presence of antibodies was determined by an indirect ELISA kit, and the results were classified as positive and negative. The seroprevalence was 21 % in cattle, and 76.6 % in the herds evaluated. Regarding to the age group, no statistical association was found (P>0.05); however, the risk of being seropositive increased with age, indicating the high probability of horizontal transmission of N. caninum in the herd. There was no statistical association with respect to sex (P>0.05). Regarding reproductive status, a statistical association (P<0.05) was found with respect to abortion. Although all the groups were positive, cows with a history of abortion showed higher seroconversion, indicating that the risk of abortion increased with increasing levels of antibodies against the parasite. From the total positive farms (76.6 %), higher seroconversion (100 %) were observed in those with the highest number of dogs (>7 dogs), and this result indicates that a higher number of dogs, a higher prevalence of N. Caninum, since dogs are the main source of horizontal transmission. It is concluded that there is antigenic circulation of N. caninum associated to abortions in double purpose cattle of the State of Guarico, and that could be controlled improving the sanitary conditions of the herds.

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Revista Mexicana De Ciencias Pecuarias

Título del artículo:

The blood pressure variability and baroreflex sensitivity in healthy participants are not determined by sex or cardiorespiratory fitness

Background: Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) autonomic modulation and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) are important indexes of cardiovascular homeostasis. However, methodological errors are often observed, such as joint analysis of men and women. Another important aspect is that we still do not know whether cardiorespiratory fitness influences these autonomic parameters in healthy individuals. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether sex can affect BRS, autonomic modulation of HR and BP variabilities (HRV and BPV, respectively), as well as the influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on these autonomic parameters. Methods: Healthy men and women (N=120) were assigned to groups according to the peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak) obtained in the cardiorespiratory test: low cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 peak: 22-38 ml/kg/min), moderate cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 peak: 38-48 ml/kg/min), and high cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 peak >48 ml/kg/min). HRV and BPV evaluations were performed for all groups in the frequency domain by spectral analysis. Spontaneous BRS was assessed using the sequence method. Results: Women presented lower BP values compared with men. HR did not differ between sexes, but showed an inverse relationship with cardiorespiratory performance. The HRV analysis showed greater sympathetic modulation for men and greater vagal modulation for women. Men and women presented similar results for systolic BPV and BRS, and cardiorespiratory performance did not influence any of the autonomic parameters evaluated. Conclusion: Cardiorespiratory fitness does not interfere with HRV and BPV autonomic modulation or BRS. However, the cardiac modulatory balance differs between sexes, with a greater influence of the autonomic vagal component in women and the sympathetic component in men.

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Blood Pressure Monitoring

Título del artículo:

Physical preparation of the football player with an intramuscular hamstring tendon tear: Clinical perspective with video demonstrations

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British Journal of Sports Medicine

Título del artículo:

Effectiveness of Beauveria bassiana (Baubassil^®) on the common cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus in the Department of Guajira, Colombia

The effectiveness of Baubassil® (Beauveria bassiana) on the tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus was evaluated. In the in vitro phase, the optimal germination temperature of the fungus was determined by microcultures at 25, 30 and 35 °C and the mortality of ticks. In the field, in a randomized design, 30 cebuine cows; 15 cows were treated with Baubassil® once a week at a 1 × 106 conidia/ml, and a control group was left untreated. It was observed that at temperatures of 25, 30 and 35 °C, germination of the entomopathogen was 97.5, 94.7 and 6.3%, respectively. In animals treated with Baubassil® obtained a corrected effectiveness of 96.8% on ticks in the fifth week of application. The use of Baubassil® would be a valid alternative for controlling the cattle tick under the agroecological conditions of the Dry Caribbean.

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Revista Argentina de Microbiologia

Título del artículo:

Rationale and design of a cluster randomized trial of a multifaceted intervention in people with hypertension: The Heart Outcomes Prevention and Evaluation 4 (HOPE-4) Study

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death throughout the world, with the majority of deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Despite clear evidence for the benefits of blood pressure reduction and availability of safe and low-cost medications, most individuals are either unaware of their condition or not adequately treated. Objective: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate whether a community-based, multifaceted intervention package primarily provided by nonphysician health workers can improve long-term cardiovascular risk in people with hypertension by addressing identified barriers at the patient, health care provider, and health system levels. Methods/design: HOPE-4 is a community-based, parallel-group, cluster randomized controlled trial involving 30 communities (1,376 participants) in Colombia and Malaysia. Participants ≥50 years old and with newly diagnosed or poorly controlled hypertension were included. Communities were randomized to usual care or to a multifaceted intervention package that entails (1) detection, treatment, and control of cardiovascular risk factors by nonphysician health workers in the community, who use tablet-based simplified management algorithms, decision support, and counseling programs; (2) free dispensation of combination antihypertensive and cholesterol-lowering medications, supervised by local physicians; and (3) support from a participant-nominated treatment supporter (either a friend or family member). The primary outcome is the change in Framingham Risk Score after 12 months between the intervention and control communities. Secondary outcomes including change in blood pressure, lipid levels, and Interheart Risk Score will be evaluated. Significance: If successful, the study could serve as a model to develop low-cost, effective, and scalable strategies to reduce cardiovascular risk in people with hypertension.

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American Heart Journal

Título del artículo:

Evidences in Neurological Surgery and a Cutting Edge Classification of the Trigeminocardiac Reflex: A Systematic Review

Background: The trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) is characterized by bradycardia, decrease of mean arterial blood pressure, and sometimes, asystole during surgery. We critically reviewed TCR studies and devised a novel classification scheme for assessing the reflex. Methods: A comprehensive systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Scielo databases. Eligible studies were extracted based on stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria. Statistical analyses were used to assess cardiovascular variables. TCR was classified according to morphophysiologic aspects involved with reflex elicitation. Results: A total of 575 patients were included in this study. TCR was found in 8.9% of patients. The reflex was more often triggered by interventions made within the anterior cranial fossa. The maxillary branch (type II in the new classification) was the most prevalent nerve branch found to trigger the TCR. Heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure were similarly altered (P = 0.06; F = 0.3912809), covaried with age (P = 0.012; F = 9.302), and inversely correlated to each other (r = −0.27). Conclusions: TCR is a critical cardiovascular phenomenon that must be quickly identified and efficiently classified and should trigger vigilance. Prompt therapeutic measures during neurosurgical procedures should be carefully addressed to avoid unwanted complications. Accurate categorization using the new classification scheme will help to improve understanding and guide the management of TCR in the perioperative period.

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World Neurosurgery

Título del artículo:

Strength-endurance training reduces the hamstrings strength decline following simulated football competition in female players

Hamstring strains are the most common injury in multiple sprint sports, with inadequate eccentric hamstring strength and fatigue identified as important risk factors. Resistance training interventions aimed at reducing injury risk typically focus on the development of maximum strength, while little is known about the impact of training on hamstring fatigue resistance. The present study compared the effects of strength endurance (SE) with a strength intervention (S) on the eccentric hamstring strength decline induced by a simulated soccer match. Twenty-one female soccer players were randomly assigned to a S group (n = 10) or a SE group (n = 11). Hamstrings and quadriceps isokinetic concentric and eccentric peak torque (PT) were assessed at 120°.s-1 and hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio (HEcc:QCon) calculated, pre- and immediately post a 90-min simulated match (BEAST90). This was repeated following a 7-week intervention of either three to five sets of 6RM leg curl and stiff-leg deadlift with 3-min inter-set rest (S), or the same exercises performed using three sets of 12-20 RM with 45-90 s inter-set rest (SE). At baseline, the simulated match led to significant declines in hamstrings eccentric peak torque (EccPT) in both groups in both dominant (D) and non-dominant (ND) legs [SE: (D: -15.5, ND: -15.6%), P = 0.001 to 0.016; S: (D: -12.3%, ND: -15.5%), P = 0.001 to 0.018]. After the 7-week intervention, we observed a group*intervention*match interaction such that there was no significant decline in EccPT in the SE group following the simulated match (D: 5.3%, ND: 2.0%), but there remained significant declines in the S group (D: -14.2%, ND: -15.5%, P = 0.018-0.001). Similarly, in the SE group, there was a significant decrease in the HEcc:QCon in D before (-14.2%, P = 0.007), but not after the training intervention, whereas declines were observed in the S group both at baseline, and following the intervention (D: -13.9%, ND: -15.6%, P = 0.045). These results demonstrate that SE training can reduce the magnitude of the EccPT decline observed during soccer competition. As inadequate eccentric strength and fatigue are both risk factors for hamstring injury, SE training should be considered along with the development of peak eccentric strength, as a component of programs aimed at reducing injury risk in multiple-sprint sports.

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Frontiers in Physiology

Título del artículo:

Development of antibacterial and antifungal triazole chromium(III) and cobalt(II) complexes: Synthesis and biological activity evaluations

In this work, six complexes (2-7) of Cr(III) and Co(II) transition metals with triazole ligands were synthesized and characterized. In addition, a new ligand, 3,5-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)toluene (1), was synthesized and full characterized. The complexes were obtained as air-stable solids and characterized by melting point, electrical conductivity, thermogravimetric analysis, and Raman, infrared and ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy. The analyses and spectral data showed that complexes 3-7 had 1:1 (M:L) stoichiometries and octahedral geometries, while 2 had a 1:2 (M:L) ratio, which was supported by DFT calculations. The complexes and their respective ligands were evaluated against bacterial and fungal strains with clinical relevance. All the complexes showed higher antibacterial and antifungal activities than the free ligands. The complexes were more active against fungi than against bacteria. The activities of the chromium complexes against Candida tropicalis are of great interest, as they showed minimum inhibitory concentration 50 (MIC50) values between 7.8 and 15.6 μg mL-1. Complexes 5 and 6 showed little effect on Vero cells, indicating that they are not cytotoxic. These results can provide an important platform for the design of new compounds with antibacterial and antifungal activities.

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Molecules

Título del artículo:

Effects of lipid-lowering and antihypertensive treatments in addition to healthy lifestyles in primary prevention: An analysis of the HOPE-3 trial

Background-It is not clear whether the effects of lipid-lowering or antihypertensive medications are influenced by adherence to healthy lifestyle factors. We assessed the effects of both drug interventions in subgroups by the number of healthy lifestyle factors in participants in the HOPE-3 (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation) trial. Methods and Results-In this primary prevention trial, 4 healthy lifestyle factors (nonsmoking status, physical activity, optimal body weight, and healthy diet) were recorded in 12 521 participants who were at intermediate risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and were randomized to rosuvastatin, candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide, their combination, or matched placebos. Median follow-up was 5.6 years. The outcome was a composite of CVD events. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression models. Participants with ≥2 healthy lifestyle factors had a lower rate of CVD compared with those with fewer factors (HR: 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73-1.00). Rosuvastatin reduced CVD events in participants with ≥2 healthy lifestyle factors (HR: 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62-0.90) and in participants with <2 factors (HR: 0.79; 95% CI, 0.61-1.01). Consistent results were observed with combination therapy (≥2 factors: HR: 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57-0.97; <2 factors: HR: 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43-0.88). Candesartan/ hydrochlorothiazide tends to reduce CVD only in participants with <2 healthy lifestyle factors (HR: 0.78; 95% CI, 0.61-1.00). Conclusions-Healthy lifestyles are associated with lower CVD. Rosuvastatin alone and combined with candesartan/ hydrochlorothiazide is beneficial regardless of healthy lifestyle status; however, the benefit of antihypertensive treatment appears to be limited to patients with less healthy lifestyles.

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Journal of the American Heart Association

Título del artículo:

Functional physical condition and risk of falls in older adults

Introduction: Approximately 30% of subjects older than 60 years may experience a fall during their life, an event that in most cases demands hospital care and can lead to death. Falls are considered the second cause of death for accidental injuries in the elderly population and the decrease in physical condition in this age is usually one of its triggering factors. Thus, shows that the health condition in this population should be evaluated according to the degree of the functional capacity, since its alteration might generate consequences on the family, the community and the health system. Objective: To determine the physical and risk of falls in older adults belonging to the Sports and Recreation Institute of Barrancabermeja (INDERBA). Methods: analytical cross-sectional study, carried out on 40 subjects to whom the Tinetti scale was applied to identify risk of falling and the Senior Fitness Test battery that determines functional physical fitness. Results: All the components of the physical fitness, except flexibility, were above the average according to the age range of the population. In addition, it was observed that the risk of falling is inversely proportional to weight, to BMI, to muscular resistance and directly proportional to agility p <0.05. Conclusions: The population group evaluated shows low risk of falling, however, it is suggested to control body weight, promote strength training and muscle power, which can lead to a decrease in the incidence of falling.

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Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomedicas

Título del artículo:

Biological characterization of the CD66c marker and its clinical importance in acute lymphoid leukemia

Leukemias are a heterogeneous group of blood diseases with a diverse etiology, pathogenesis, natural history and prognosis in which a clonal proliferation may be triggered. Acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common types of cancer in children, it is characterized by the infiltration of neoplastic cells from the haematopoietic system to the bone marrow, blood and other tissues. Until 30 years ago, it was considered fatal; nowadays, the five-year survival rate exceeds 70 %, which implies that most patients may heal. Nevertheless, in developing countries the situation might be different for pediatric population; it is estimated that cancer survival rate ranges between 10 and 20 % less than those children living in developed countries. One of the immunophenotype markers that has been relevant in the last few years in the diagnosis of B-ALL and the follow-up of the minimal residual disease is CD66c. This is a member of the glycoprotein family from the carcinoembryonic antigen with a cellular adhesion function that has been widely used as a tumor marker as discovered by Sven Berg in the late 1970\'s. This antigen has been identified as a superficial protein expressed on the granulocytes and it is also involved in several biological functions, including cellular adhesion, migration, signal transduction and regulation of gene expression. This antigen is frequently presented in several types of cancer and its overexpression is often associated with a poor response to treatment and a decrease of survival rates for patients. Several studies have evidenced that this marker is relatedwith the presence of several chromosomal abnormalities, such as: BCR-ABL, CRLF2, and hyperdiploidy, which may help in the disease prognosis.

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Revista Cubana de Hematologia, Inmunologia y Hemoterapia

Título del artículo:

Prevalence and characterization of autoimmune diseases in patients older than 13 years in a hospital of Colombia

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune diseases affect around 3-5% of human beings, especially women. Due to its low prevalence, local clinical data on the behavior of this disease are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To find the prevalence of autoimmune diseases in the University Hospital of Santander, as well as to carry out the clinical and sociodemographic characterization of the diseases. MATERIAL AND METHOD: An observational, descriptive and retrospective cross-sectional study on the prevalence of autoimmune diseases was done at the University Hospital of Santander between 2012 and 2016 in patients over 13 years of age who entered to the institution. RESULTS: A total of 1463 autoimmune diseases were found, with a prevalence of 378 cases per 100,000 patients over 13 years of age treated at the University Hospital of Santander and the population with autoimmune disease was 0.4%. The most prevalent diseases were rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Graves\' disease, immune thrombocytopenic purpura and systemic lupus erythematosus and the most affected organs were the skin, thyroid gland, hematology system, pancreas and nervous system. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that the prevalence in our environment is similar to that of studies in other populations; however, these prevalences are multifactorial and may vary among different populations.

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Medicina Interna de Mexico

Título del artículo:

The Athletic Shoulder (ASH) test: Reliability of a novel upper body isometric strength test in elite rugby players

Objectives Lower limb isometric tests are used to assess strength and strength asymmetries and monitor reductions in muscle force that may contribute to loss of performance and increase injury risk. Isometric tests in the upper body may be appropriate to monitor neuromuscular performance of the shoulder joint in sports involving contact and overhead actions. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability of a novel upper body isometric strength test. Methods Eighteen elite rugby players (age 22.4±4.6 years; body mass 95.5±13.4 kg) were tested on consecutive days. Maximal isometric contractions using both limbs against a force platform were assessed at three angles of abduction (180°, â I\'; 135°, â Y\' and 90°, â T\'), in a prone lying position. To evaluate interday reliability, intraclass coefficients (ICC) were calculated for mean net peak force (NPF) and highest NPF achieved in any trial (peak NPF). Intratrial variability was assessed using coefficient of variation (CV), and the standard error of measurement (SEM) was used to calculate minimal detectable change (MDC). Results Interday reliability for NPF was excellent in all test positions (ICC 0.94-0.98). The test demonstrated high absolute reliability values (SEM 4.8-10.8) and interday measurement error was below 10% in all test positions (CV 5.0-9.9%) except for the non-dominant arm I-position (CV 11.3%). Minimum detectable change was between 13.2 and 25.9 N. Conclusion The Athletic Shoulder test demonstrated excellent reliability for each test position supporting its use as a reliable tool to quantify the ability to produce and transfer force across the shoulder girdle.

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BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine

Título del artículo:

Central Obesity is the Key Component in the Association of Metabolic Syndrome With Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain Impairment

Introduction and objectives: Subclinical systolic dysfunction is one of the proposed mechanisms for increased cardiovascular risk associated with metabolic syndrome (MS). This study investigated the association between MS and impaired left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) and the role of each MS criteria in this association. Methods: We analyzed a random sample of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) after excluding participants with prevalent heart disease. Results: Among the 1055 participants fulfilling the inclusion criteria (53% women; 52 ± 9 years), 444 (42%) had MS. Those with MS had worse GLS (–18.0% ± 2.5%) than those without (–19.0% ± 2.4%; P <.0001). In multiple linear regression models, MS was associated with worse GLS after adjustment for various risk factors (GLS difference = 0.86%; P <.0001), even after inclusion of body mass index. Adjusted PR for impaired GLS as assessed by 3 cutoffs (1, 1.5, and 2 standard deviations) were higher among participants with than without MS: GLS –16.1% (PR, 1.76; 95%CI, 1.30-2.39); GLS –14.8% (PR, 2.35; 95%CI, 1.45-3.81); and GLS –13.5% (PR, 2.07; 95%CI, 0.97-4.41). After inclusion of body mass index in the models, these associations were attenuated, suggesting that they may, at least in part, be mediated by obesity. In quantile regression analyses, elevated waist circumference was the only MS component found to be independently associated with GLS across the whole range of values. Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome is independently associated with impaired GLS. Among the MS criteria, central obesity best depicted the link between metabolic derangement and cardiac function. Full English text available from: www.revespcardiol.org/en

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Revista Espanola de Cardiologia

Título del artículo:

Strengthening of the Occupational Health and Safety Management System in the Psychosocial Scope from the Perspective of the Logical Framework

This proposal is aimed at Strengthening the Occupational Health and Safety Management System in the Psychosocial Scope according to Resolution 2646 of 2008, emphasizing the evaluation of psychosocial factors, intra-labor, nonwork and stress in IPS officials. This proposal was designed from the Logical Framework Methodology (MML) due to the need to identify, prepare, evaluate, monitor and control psychosocial risks at work.

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Espacios

Título del artículo:

Management by values: A strategy for the improvement of the organizational climate

Presented Below are the results of the research on the Management by Values as a strategy for improving the organizational climate in organizations located in the city of Valledupar, whose general objective was to establish a program of Management by Values as a strategy for improving the organizational climate for enterprise which identified the current status of the organizational climate that presents the company; it was determined the values that will be part of the program of Management by Values and design strategies for the implementation of a program of management by values. For the above developed a diagnosis of the current situation of the organizational climate; laying down the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities for the design and implementation of the program of Management by Values. According to the above, there is a need to train and create compensation strategies, different to the economic, within companies, and they become a motivator and power-ups of good organizational climate; the implementation of the program management by values, allows you to generate a better attitude on the part of all the personnel of the companies, from the administrative, commercial operators and, toward the work and the relationship between them. In addition, the organizations has generated a culture of leadership and team work much more dynamic and spontaneous, allowing the empowerment and ownership for the organization.

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Espacios