Título del artículo:

Psychosocial effects of the forced disappearances of young people in Latin America: A pending task

This article reviews the concept of psychosocial trauma based on the phenomena of political violence in Latin America and specifically the forced disappearance of young people in Colombia. Based on this theoretical-contextual analysis, the study identifies that this phenomenon of forced disappearance has generated personal, family and collective affectations - involving attributes of psychosocial trauma - in the Colombian social fabric. As a final reflection, the authors propose the need to rethink the psychosocial effects of the damage to society caused by this violence, represented in the fact that young people have been forcibly disappeared and the implications that this has had for the social fabric.

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Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Ninez y Juventud

Título del artículo:

Use of Moodle to strengthen citizenship competencies in physiotherapy students: a pretest-posttest design

Introduction:Moodle is a learning information and communication technology widely used worldwide and has been little used to strengthen citizenship competencies. Objective:To improve citizenship competencies through a pedagogical strategy in the Moodle platform in students registered in the training courses of clinical/administrative physiotherapy practice at the University of Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods:A pretest-posttest design was carried out.The educational intervention consisted of a pedagogical activity available online 24 hours a day in Moodle for ten weeks.A sample of 41 students completed a questionnaire before and after the educational intervention, which consisted of 25 questions distributed in five dimensions: political constitution, multi-perspective, systemic and reflective thinking, argumentation, and ethics.The total score per dimension ranged from 0 to 100. Results: The average knowledge score was 60.8 ± 12.9 in the pretest and 65.1 ± 15.4 in the posttest (p = 0.0665). After the educational intervention, there were positive changes in eight of the 25 questions (p <0.005), three of which corresponded to the multi-perspective dimension. In the analysis by subgroups, it was found that those who obtained a score equal to or less than 60 in the initial evaluation significantly improved their knowledge [pretest = 51.6 (9.9), posttest = 60 (15.1), p-value = 0.018]. Conclusion: A educational intervention with Moodle increased the knowledge of some citizenship competencies among physiotherapy students, especially in the multi-perspective dimension.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Retos

Título del artículo:

IDENTIFICATION OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HEARING LOSS IN TEACHING, STUDENTS AND DENTAL ASSISTANTS

Introduction:Continuous exposure to noise in the work environment, generated during clinical care, affects the hearing capacity of dental staff. However, there are other characteristics that could be associated with a greater expression of this condition. Objective: Identify factors associated with hearing capacity in students, teachers and assistants of a dental school. Material and Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study; participants were randomly selected and people with a clinical diagnosis of hereditary hearing loss or prior to the start of professional or student practice were excluded. Noise measurements were made in the work environment and audiometric evaluations. The association between hearing capacity and the independent variables was evaluated with Chi2 or Fisher’s Exact Test (statistical significance p <0.05). A predictive model for hearing loss is proposed. Results: 193 participants were included, 35.8% had a slight or moderate decrease in their hearing capacity (37.2% students and 30% in teaching assistants). There were no differences between students and teachers / assistants or between the right and left ears. Conclusion: The years of clinical experience, the semester attended and the history of tinnitus predict the appearance of hearing loss.

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Revista de la Asociacion Espanola de Especialistas en Medicina del Trabajo

Título del artículo:

A commentary on “Medical student engagement with surgery and research during the COVID-19 pandemic: Supporting the future workforce for post-pandemic surgical recovery”

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International Journal of Surgery

Título del artículo:

Social environment and emotional well-being in the elderly

What is presented below is a study based on a theoretical documentary methodology that has as its main objective to describe the relationship that exists between the social environment and the emotional well-being of older adults. The development of the article defines what is social environment and emotional well-being, as well as showing the characteristics that describe the evolutionary stage of old age, late adulthood or old age, in order to show the relationship that exists between each of these definitions. Older adults live a stage of evolutionary development determined by the natural decline of physical, biological, intellectual and psychoemotional conditions, which is typical of people after the age of 65, however, although aging is a natural and inevitable process, it should not be assumed in a negative or limiting way, because it can be, like other stages of life, a time of growth, learning new experiences and, therefore, evolution. For this it is necessary to raise awareness of the indisputable potential of external stimulus that the social environment of the elderly possesses to create the basic conditions that make this vital moment a satisfactory stage, full of opportunities and fullness.

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Revista Venezolana de Gerencia

Título del artículo:

Child labor in colombia: Factors affecting the selection of economic activity

The aim of this research was to determine whether child labor in Colombia’s urban areas shows specific characteristics and backgrounds once it is divided by economic activ-ity. The descriptive analysis was based on basic statistics and multiple correspondence analysis, and the probability of working was modeled through a logit model. Finally, a multinomial logit model was applied to consider the six most common economic activity sectors these children work at. The evidence suggests that the probability of a particular type of work is affected by personal characteristics and lifestyles.

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Revista de Economia del Rosario

Título del artículo:

Modelo Predictivo Multivariable En Tiempo Real Para Predecir El Desempeño De Los Estudiantes, En Programas Virtuales De Posgrado, Empleando Inteligencia Artificial

En los últimos años han proliferado los programas de educación virtual en posgrado, con altas tasas de deserción, implicando múltiples falencias, como la falta de individualización en entornos virtuales. Se propone una solución novedosa basada en el modelado de un estudiante a partir de su huella digital, con Deep Learning y procesamiento de lenguaje natural–(NLP), para predecir si terminará con éxito el programa académico (GRA), o será expulsado (PFU), o suspenderá los estudios (SUS), o si terminará las asignaturas, pero no entregará la tesis o trabajo de grado (LTH). 11 Una tesis es también conocida como un trabajo de licenciatura o de grado, requisito formal que un estudiante debe cumplir después de terminar todas las asignaturas, para obtener el diploma de pregrado o posgrado en una Universidad. Metodológicamente se diseñó un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo a partir de datos capturados durante un período de 15 años (2005–2020) de los programas de postgrado: Maestría en Gestión de la Tecnología Educativa (MGTE) y Especialización en Aplicación de TIC para la Enseñanza (EATICE), 100% virtual. Se utilizó la metodología iterativa incremental (CRISP_DM) para las predicciones basadas en inteligencia artificial (IA). Se obtuvo un modelo predictivo adaptado a cada programa educativo, con métricas de desempeño excepcionales de precisión, al predecir GRA (96,87%), PFU (97,53%), SUS (85,32%) y LTH (97,18%). Los resultados de esta investigación muestran que la generalización y extrapolación de modelos algorítmicos son factibles utilizando datos comunes a plataformas digitales, y pueden ayudar, a ingenieros a mejorar el diseño y arquitectura del software, y a profesores, a conocer, en tiempo real, las necesidades futuras de los estudiantes, y, por ende, adaptar preventivamente el proceso educativo.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

American Journal of Distance Education

Título del artículo:

Predictive variables of type 2 diabetes associated to self-care behaviors

Introduction: Care competence in individuals is based on their beliefs, as a result of interaction with diverse elements and stimuli that surround them, which are experienced by humans as customs and habitual health practices in their families and the community. Objective: To identify the predictive variables of type 2 diabetes associated with self-care behaviors. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study carried out, between March and October 2019, in Santa Elena, Ecuador. The universe was 171 inhabitants and the sample was 166 individuals, with risks for type 2 diabetes, aged from 18 to 64 years old. Sociodemographic data and self-care behaviors were assessed through FINDRISK test. Descriptive statistics (Anova) was applied for age, body mass index, abdominal perimeter, physical activity, consumption of fruits and vegetables, use of antihypertensive drugs, previous glucose levels, according to risk level with a P≤0.01. Results: A statistically significant association at 5.00% was found between the FINDRISK risk level and age group (P≤0.01), educational level (P=0.03), body mass index (P≤0.01), blood pressure (P≤0.01), elevated serum glucose (P≤0.01), ante cents of type 2 diabetes (P≤0.01), and at 10.00% with the variable of physical activity (P=0.081). Conclusions: The predictive variables for type 2 diabetes mellitus are associated with the self-care capacity of the individual as described by Dorothea Orem. People with low risk tend to decrease with age, while slightly high risk frequencies remain relatively stable. Risks are relatively stable, with a slight decrease, in the group over 64 years of age.

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Revista Cubana de Enfermeria

Título del artículo:

Factors associated with nursing workload in three intensive care units

Objective: To determine the nursing workload in intensive care units (ICUs) and the factors associated with the Nursing Activities Score (NAS). Method: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in three ICUs in Bucaramanga, Colombia, between February 2018 and February 2020. The nursing workload was estimated based on the NAS. A descriptive and bivariate analysis stratified by ICU was performed using a robust multiple linear regression model, and the factors associated with the nursing workload (p < 0.05) were estimated. Results: In this study, 362 records were included. The median NAS was 68.1 points (Q1:47.2–Q3:116.7). APACHE II (β = 3.13, CI: 95% 2.28; 3.98), days of stay in ICU ≥3 (β = 16.78, CI: 95% 6.15; 27.41), surgery provenance service (β = 22.31, CI: 95% 9.76; 34.86), and traumatology and emergencies diagnostic category (β = 33.72, CI 95%: 9.90; 57.53) were associated with high NAS scores. Conclusion: The nursing staff spend approximately 70% of their time on a single patient, and administrative work takes up most of their time. Hospital stays of longer than 3 days, high APACHE II score, coming from the surgery department, and having a diagnosis of trauma and emergency were associated with a high workload.

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Revista da Escola de Enfermagem

Título del artículo:

Implementation of tools for the design of quality management systems: Methodological approach in a case applied to the construction sector

Quality management systems (QMS) are management tools based on ISO 9001:2015 international standard that are of great importance for organizations in any economic sector of society, who wish to impact customer satisfaction, their competitiveness in today\'s global markets and the establishment of quality standards for their products and services. This article presents the design of the QMS based on the application of a methodology proposed for the case of a company in the construction sector; this methodology is understood as the integration of different management tools in the process of designing the system with a focus on compliance with the requirements of NTC-ISO 9001:2015. The design starts with the analysis of the maturity level of the company to know the organizational situation, according to the requirements of the standard, then the requirements related to the knowledge of the context of the organization, the strategic approach of the QMS, the organization by processes and the identification and evaluation of risks and opportunities associated with the context are defined. Knowledge of the current state of the organization and its context is obtained, the management system is established as a strategic direction tool for the company, the processes are satisfactorily characterized, according to the scope of the QMS and the intentions of the top management, preventive measures related to the achievement of the objectives of the human management process are defined, as well as the objectives of the QMS. It is concluded that the design of the QMS integrating tools such as the evaluation of maturity levels, the Supersystems Map, the Balanced Scorecard, BSC, the definition of S.M.A.R.T. objectives, risk management and Xertatu:adi methodology, allow to objectively evaluate the compliance with the requirements of the NTC-ISO 9001:2015 and establish the management system as a strategic management tool for the company.

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Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

Altitudinal displacement of cocoa-producing areas in the department of Norte de Santander due to the effects of climatic variations

The objective of the research was to evaluate the effects of climatic variations on the physical characteristics of cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao L.) at 6 altitudinal levels in the department of Norte de Santander, Colombia. Twelve smallholder farms were selected, located between 0 and 1,200 meters above sea level, and 36 years of average temperature and rainfall records were analyzed from a meteorological station of the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM), located at 50 meters above sea level within the area of influence of the evaluated cocoa zones. In each unit of analysis, samples of 300 grams of dry almonds from the March-June 2019 harvest were characterized and the weight of 100 almonds and the percentage of shells were determined. The data were analyzed through descriptive estimators, ANAVAR and the Tukey Test. The results showed significant increases in temperatures of 0.0315 °C/year and significant variations in the weight of the almonds, p < 0.01, Fc= 33.4, inferring the appearance of 2 climatic bands for the production of cocoa in the department, the first one located between 0 and 600 m.a.s.l. with medium and large beans and high contents of husk and; the second one, located above 600 to 1,200 m.a.s.l., with large beans and low percentage of husk. In conclusion, it is established that climatic variations are generating negative effects in the main cocoa-producing municipalities of the department and, at the same time, opening new spaces for the development of the crop in municipalities with altitudes higher than 600 m.

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Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

Colonoscopy findings in patients attended at a health institution in the municipality of Barrancabermeja, Santander

Introduction. Colonoscopy is a visual exploration of the colonic mucosa, which consists of the insertion of a flexible optic catheter through the anus. Its objectives include to locate lesions very precisely, to obtain biopsies for their microscopic analysis, to carry out different therapeutic procedures and to diagnose small lesions that cannot be detected by traditional imaging techniques. The aim of this article is to describe the colonoscopy findings in adult patients of a health care institution. Methodology. Observational, cross-sectional study with an analytical component. The information was collected retrospectively from patients aged over 18 years, of both sexes, on which a colonoscopy was performed in a secondary health care institution. Results. A total of 521 colonoscopy procedures were conducted on 291 women and 230 men with an average age of 63 years (age range: 18-99 years). The proportion was greater among people aged over 50 years. The frequency of the procedure in women was higher with 57.0%, compared to 43% in men. The number of colonoscopies with a normal result was more frequent in people aged under 50 years (54.8%) compared to 45.2% of the total of those aged 50 years and over. Conclusion. Colonoscopy is a very useful instrument when diagnosing, monitoring and treating a great variety of gastrointestinal pathologies, because through this important diagnostic tool, it is possible to determine the existence of or rule out other kinds of pathologies that affect the gastrointestinal system.

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MedUNAB

Título del artículo:

The Importance of Ethics in Post - Modern Higher Education: An Occupation by Andrés Entrena Parra

One of the tasks that postmodern institutions of higher education must assume with responsibility in the face of the challeng es imposed by the knowledge society is to form citizens with an ethical sense that can interact with responsibility and commitment in the f ace of uncertainty. This task to which the university has as a challenge has been raised in its transfer, not only as founder and architect but also as educator, by Andrés Entrena Parra and that in this work we will approach from two premises: Education as a moral and ethical duty to the model of the Greeks in the idea of Socratic Morality, Socrates of Plato and the idea of how to form new generations from the Platonic approach, generations that must learn to discern what is right from the middle ground raised in the Nicomachean ethics of Aristotle. A second aspect is the ethical task of the teacher, reflection that is approached fr om the ideas of educating for freedom and democracy, where some postmodern thinkers are taken as theoretical references.

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Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

Association of estimated sleep duration and naps with mortality and cardiovascular events: A study of 116 632 people from 21 countries

Aims To investigate the association of estimated total daily sleep duration and daytime nap duration with deaths and major cardiovascular events. Methods We estimated the durations of total daily sleep and daytime naps based on the amount of time in bed and self- and results reported napping time and examined the associations between them and the composite outcome of deaths and major cardiovascular events in 116 632 participants from seven regions. After a median follow-up of 7.8 years, we recorded 4381 deaths and 4365 major cardiovascular events. It showed both shorter (<_6 h/day) and longer (>8 h/day) estimated total sleep durations were associated with an increased risk of the composite outcome when adjusted for age and sex. After adjustment for demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviours and health status, a J-shaped association was observed. Compared with sleeping 6–8 h/day, those who slept <_6 h/day had a non-significant trend for increased risk of the composite outcome [hazard ratio (HR), 1.09; 95% confidence interval, 0.99–1.20]. As estimated sleep duration increased, we also noticed a significant trend for a greater risk of the composite outcome [HR of 1.05 (0.99–1.12), 1.17 (1.09–1.25), and 1.41 (1.30–1.53) for 8–9 h/day, 9–10 h/day, and >10 h/day, Ptrend < 0.0001, respectively]. The results were similar for each of all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular events. Daytime nap duration was associated with an increased risk of the composite events in those with over 6 h of nocturnal sleep duration, but not in shorter nocturnal sleepers (<_6 h). Conclusion Estimated total sleep duration of 6–8 h per day is associated with the lowest risk of deaths and major cardiovascular events. Daytime napping is associated with increased risks of major cardiovascular events and deaths in those with >6 h of nighttime sleep but not in those sleeping <_6 h/night.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

European Heart Journal

Título del artículo:

Socratic intellectualism in the teacher\'s moral task

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Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

Professionals of the new millennium: Called to be agents of change

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

Coagulation and flocculation with plant extracts

The treatment of water in a conventional way includes the operations of coagulation and flocculation as a fundamental part in the removal of solids and other substances that are mixed with water, especially organic and inorganic solids with sizes less than 0.2 mm and densities similar to those of water. This forms a perfect mixture difficult to separate by natural sedimentation; in these cases the addition of coagulants is needed, which breaks the stability of the mixture and segregates the particles in the form of flocs, so that they can be separated by density difference. Reactive substances are used for this reason, such as aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride and aluminum polychloride; these substances are derived from industrial chemical reactions, which entail the use of natural resources and energy to obtain them. In addition to the environmental cost of the production processes, there is the problem of the final disposal of the thickened sludge, because due to its aluminum or iron content, the sludge can be harmful to the environment, especially for plants and animals. To reduce this impact, it is necessary to carry out these operations with substances that do not represent a danger to the environment; in this case, it has been proven that there are plant extracts that can generate the same reaction of segregating the solids and other substances of the water, by means of the reaction of the natural biopolymers of some plants, within which the Moringa oleifera, Melocactus sp, Opuntia sp, Cicer arietinum L, Aloe sp and others with destabilizing activity of particles can generate turbidity and color in water. These plant extracts can efficiently perform the coagulation and flocculation operations without the environmental risk of residual sludge with high concentrations of aluminum or iron.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Flocculation: Processes and Applications

Título del artículo:

A repeated measures experiment of green exercise to improve self-esteem in UK school children

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

School Nutrition and Activity: Impacts on Well-Being

Título del artículo:

Construct validity of the PHQ-9 in university students in Colombia: A Rasch analysis approach

Introduction: The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) is one of the most widely used screening instruments for major depressive episodes. However, there are no published studies on Rasch-type analysis of the PHQ-9 among Spanish-speaking university students. Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 in university students using Rasch-type models and to assess possible biases of the items according to gender. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study evaluated the psychometric performance of the PHQ-9 in health sciences students at the University of Cartagena (Colombia). A random sampling stratified by academic program, semester, and sex was used, obtaining a sample of 550 participants (9 excluded for incomplete responses). Participants signed an informed consent, and the study was approved by an ethics committee. Rasch analysis was used to assess model fit, differential item functioning, dimensionality, local independence, and reliability. Adequate internal consistency (α=0.83, ω=0.89) and factorial validity were found. Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 550 health science students from Colombian university. The data were analyzed using a Rasch model, in which the following psychometric characteristics were verified: 1) differential item functioning, 2) dimensionality and local independence, and 3) overall fit. Only item 2 showed a tendency toward differential functioning. Conclusions: One-dimensionality and local independence of the items, moderate reliability, and good general fit were found, although there was a gap between the degree of depression measured by the PHQ-9 and the participants\' responses. The Spanish version of the PHQ-9 for Colombian university students showed adequate item-level psychometric properties for screening for major depressive episodes.

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Medicina Clinica y Social

Título del artículo:

Recurrent Abdominal lymphangioma

Abdominal lymphangioma is a benign congenital malformation characterized by the dilation of lymphatic vessels, with intra-abdominal localization being unusual. The high morbidity and recurrence rate associated with this condition necessitate the investigation of alternative therapeutic modalities, especially for irresectable cases or those with significant morbidity. In this context, we present the clinical case of a 69-year-old patient with a history of recurrent abdominal lymphangioma, associated with obstructive urinary symptoms. Surgical treatment of abdominal lymphangioma, although challenging, is crucial and depends on multiple factors such as the location of the lymphangioma, its size, and its relationship with adjacent structures. The primary goal of treatment is effective surgical management to prevent recurrences and improve the patient\'s quality of life. In this case, the surgery focused on the complete resection of the lymphangioma to minimize the possibility of recurrence and to treat the patient\'s obstructive urinary symptoms.

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Gaceta Medica Boliviana

Título del artículo:

Inferior vena cava filter complication with penetration in to the abdominal aorta

Introduction: inferior vena cava filters (IVCF) are medical devices designed to prevent pulmonary embolism in patients with contraindications to anticoagulation, particularly those at high risk for bleeding or with a history of anticoagulant-related complications. Case report: we present the case of a 48-year-old patient with polytrauma following a motorcycle accident. During her recovery, she developed bilateral deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs. Due to her high hemorrhagic risk, a BARD-type IVCF was implanted. One month later, the patient developed persistent lumbar pain. After an unsuccessful attempt at endovascular removal, imaging confirmed that the filter had perforated the vena cava wall and extended into the infrarenal abdominal aorta. Subsequently, an open surgical extraction was performed with a favorable clinical outcome. Discussion: the incidence of inferior vena cava filter perforation is up to 34 %, with 8 % of cases being symptomatic and 5 % requiring urgent surgical intervention. Proximity to structures such as the aorta and renal arteries increases the risk of severe complications, such as aneurysms or dissections. This case highlights the need for multidisciplinary management and suggests that, in the presence of severe complications, open surgical extraction may be considered a safe alternative when endovascular techniques fail.

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Angiologia

Título del artículo:

State influence on the socio-environmental conflict surrounding palm oil in Colombia

The oil palm is an important productive engine in rural territory whose extractivist logic envisions risks to the environment and society. This research sought to analyze the role of the State in the development of the palm oil agroindustry in Colombia from 1945 to 2022, under a descriptive methodology with documentary, evolutionary and multivariable design. A historical difference was found in the palm border, noting the significant expansion after including the palm business in the public agenda, in parallel, impacts have been recorded against the environment and the peasant and ethnic communities, whose echo in history remains, in addition, the analysis of the legal-administrative framework regarding palm oil reflects a weak sustainable development model, based on anthropocentrism. This background reveals the fallacious discourse about the Ecological Constitution and a strong challenge that the subsequent governments must deal with, since the country requires measures to promote the financial sustainability of the rural area with respect for socio-environmental integrity.

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Reforma y Democracia

Título del artículo:

Changes in c-Fos protein expression in telencephalic hemispheres of a neotropical fish Piaractus orinoquensis after exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide

Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) can be found in waterbodies and may affect aquatic populations, resulting in physiological and behavioral impairments. In Colombia, white cachama (Piaractus orinoquensis) are frequently found in areas subjected to glyphosate aerial fumigation. This study aims to investigate changes in c-Fos protein expression in P. orinoquensis telencephalic hemispheres after exposure to 0, 1, 5, and 10 mg/L glyphosate for 30, 60, and 90 min. For this purpose, 5 µm paraffin sections were obtained and used for c-Fos immunodetection. To define the effect of xenobiotics on c-Fos expression, nuclei were taken from the dorsal dorsal (Dd), dorsomedial (Dm), dorsal posterior (Dp), dorsolateral (Dl), ventral (Vv), dorsoventral (Vd), and ventrolateral (Vl) regions of P. orinoquensis telencephalic hemispheres. Except for Dd nuclei, other nuclei showed an initial increase in c-Fos+ cells, followed by a progressive decrease toward values similar to those observed in unexposed individuals. In Dd nuclei, the initial tendency was toward a reduced number of c-Fos-expressing cells, followed by an increase in unexposed values. As changes in the number of cells containing c-Fos can be related to changes in neuronal activity, GBH exposure may potentially affect the fish’s behavioral and sensorial performance, resulting in a reduced survival probability in its natural environment.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Journal of Biosciences

Título del artículo:

External validation and comparison of six cardiovascular risk prediction models in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE)-Colombia study

Aims: To externally validate the SCORE2, AHA/ACC pooled cohort equation (PCE), Framingham Risk Score (FRS), Non-Laboratory INTERHEART Risk Score (NL-IHRS), Globorisk-LAC, and WHO prediction models and compare their discrimination and calibration capacity. Methods and results: Validation in individuals aged 40-69 years with at least 10 years of follow-up and without baseline use of statins or cardiovascular diseases from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE)-Colombia prospective cohort study. For discrimination, the C-statistic, and receiver operating characteristic curves with the integrated area under the curve (AUCi) were used and compared. For calibration, the smoothed time-to-event method was used, choosing a recalibration factor based on the integrated calibration index (ICI). In the NL-IHRS, linear regressions were used. In 3802 participants (59.1% women), baseline risk ranged from 4.8% (SCORE2 women) to 55.7% (NL-IHRS). After a mean follow-up of 13.2 years, 234 events were reported (4.8 cases per 1000 person-years). The C-statistic ranged between 0.637 (0.601-0.672) in NL-IHRS and 0.767 (0.657-0.877) in AHA/ACC PCE. Discrimination was similar between AUCi. In women, higher over-prediction was observed in the Globorisk-LAC (61%) and WHO (59%). In men, higher over-prediction was observed in FRS (72%) and AHA/ACC PCE (71%). Overestimations were corrected after multiplying by a factor derived from the ICI. Conclusion: Six prediction models had a similar discrimination capacity, supporting their use after multiplying by a correction factor. If blood tests are unavailable, NL-IHRS is a reasonable option. Our results suggest that these models could be used in other countries of Latin America after correcting the overestimations with a multiplying factor.

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European Journal of Preventive Cardiology

Título del artículo:

Valorization of Gold Mining Tailings Sludge from Vetas, Colombia as Partial Cement Replacement in Concrete Mixes

The accumulation and improper management of mining tailings represent significant environmental and public health challenges globally, due to their potential for water contamination and the presence of heavy metals. In recent years, various studies have explored the feasibility of using mining wastes, such as tailings sludge, as partial replacements for cement in concrete mixes. The literature highlights the pozzolanic properties of mining tailings attributable to their silica and alumina content, which contribute to the improved structural characteristics, chemical resistance, and enhanced durability of concrete. This research evaluates the specific potential of gold mining tailings sludge (REMI) from the municipality of Vetas, Santander, Colombia, as a sustainable substitute in cementitious materials. Characterization methodologies including X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the pozzolanic behavior of REMI due to its high content of silica- and alumina-rich amorphous phases and verified negligible contamination levels (Hg and cyanide below detectable limits). Concrete mixes with varying cement substitution levels (0% to 50%) were formulated and systematically evaluated to determine optimal substitution ranges based on criteria such as density, workability, setting time, and compressive strength. Consistent with previous studies, the results revealed an optimal replacement rate between 10% and 20%, with a particular emphasis on the 20% substitution achieving mechanical strengths comparable to traditional concrete. These findings underscore the technical viability and environmental benefits of using mining tailings sludge, contributing both to sustainable waste management and the advancement of eco-efficient concrete technologies.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Buildings