Título del artículo:

Adiposity and Muscle Strength in Men With Prostate Cancer and Cardiovascular Outcomes

Background: There are limited data on the physical effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PC), and on the relationships of such measures of adiposity and strength to cardiovascular outcomes. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the relationships of measures of adiposity and strength to cardiovascular outcomes (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, arterial revascularization, peripheral arterial disease, and venous thromboembolism) in patients with PC. A secondary objective was to characterize the relationships between ADT use and 12-month changes in these physical measures. Methods: This international, prospective cohort study included 3,967 patients with PC diagnosed in the prior 12 months or being treated with ADT for the first time. Median follow-up duration was 2.3 years. Results: Participants’ mean age was 68.5 years, and 1,731 (43.6%) were exposed to ADT. ADT was associated with a 1.6% increase in weight, a 2.2% increase in waist circumference, a 1.6% increase in hip circumference, a 0.1% increase in waist-to-hip ratio, a 27.4% reduction in handgrip strength, and a 0.1% decrease in gait speed. High waist circumference and low handgrip strength were associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Adjusting for age, education, race, tobacco and alcohol use, physical activity, cardiovascular disease, glomerular filtration rate, and ADT use, waist circumference above the highest quartile (110 cm) and handgrip strength below the lowest quartile (29.5 kg) were associated with higher likelihoods of a future cardiovascular event, with respective HRs of 1.40 (95% CI: 1.03-1.90; P = 0.029) and 1.59 (95% CI: 1.14-2.22; P = 0.006). Conclusions: ADT was associated with increased adiposity and reduced strength over 12-month follow-up. High waist circumference and low baseline strength were associated with future adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

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JACC: CardioOncology

Título del artículo:

Enhancing physiotherapists\' knowledge and perceptions of telerehabilitation: A before-after educational intervention study

Background and purpose: In the evolving landscape of healthcare, telerehabilitation is emerging as a pivotal modality, especially in delivering services to vulnerable populations. With the increasing reliance on digital health solutions, there is a pressing need for physiotherapists to be adequately trained in telerehabilitation. This training is essential for them to adapt to new technologies and methodologies, ensuring effective and efficient patient care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a telerehabilitation educational intervention on physiotherapists\' knowledge and perceptions in Bucaramanga and its metropolitan area. Methods: A group of 27 physiotherapists underwent an educational intervention focused on telerehabilitation. Before- and after-intervention assessments were conducted to gauge their perceptions and knowledge. Results: Participants generally held a positive perception of telerehabilitation both before and after the intervention [Before Median (Md) and interquartile range (IQR): Md = 2.5 (IQR = 2.1–3); after: Md = 2.7 (IQR = 2.4–3.1), p = 0.256]. A significant increase in their knowledge after-intervention was observed [Before: Md = 55.5 (IQR = 33.3–66.6)]; after: Md = 77.7 (IQR = 66.6–88.8), p = <0.001, emphasizing the potential benefits of targeted educational interventions. Conclusions: The educational intervention significantly improved physiotherapists\' knowledge of telerehabilitation, underscoring the importance of professional training in this domain. While perceptions remained consistently positive, the notable increase in knowledge suggests that such educational programs are crucial for enhancing the adoption and effective use of telerehabilitation in physiotherapy practice.

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Physiotherapy Research International

Título del artículo:

Tea and coffee consumption and risk of acute stroke: The INTERSTROKE Study

Background: Stroke is a leading global cause of death and disability. Daily tea/coffee intake is consumed by > 50% of populations and may represent an important population-level exposure. Therefore, it is first essential that we better understand the associations between the tea/coffee intake and stroke. Aims: This research aims to generate hypotheses about the global associations between tea and coffee intake and stroke. These insights will identify interventions for stroke prevention that can be further explored using alternative study designs. Methods: INTERSTROKE is a large international matched case–control study of first stroke from 32 countries. Participants were asked “how many cups do you drink each day?” of coffee, green tea, black tea, and other tea. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between intake and stroke. Results: We included 13,462 cases and 13,488 controls from INTERSTROKE; mean age was 61.7 (13.4) years and 59.6% (n = 16,010) were male. Overall, 19.4% (n = 5239) did not consume tea/coffee, 47.0% (n = 12,666) consumed tea only, 14.9% (n = 4024) consumed coffee alone, and 18.6% (n = 5021) consumed both, with significant regional variations. After multivariable adjustment, there was no association between low/moderate coffee intake and stroke, but high consumption (> 4/day) was associated with higher odds of all stroke (OR = 1.37 (95% CI = 1.06–1.77)) or ischemic stroke (OR = 1.32 (95% CI = 1.00–1.74)). Tea consumption was associated with lower odds of all (OR = 0.81 (95% CI = 0.69–0.94) for highest intake) or ischemic stroke (OR = 0.81 (95% CI = 0.68–0.98) for highest intake). Conclusions: High coffee consumption was associated with higher odds of all or ischemic stroke; low–moderate coffee had no association with stroke. In contrast, tea consumption was associated with lower odds of stroke. These associations suggest that individuals consider avoiding high coffee consumption (⩾ five cups/day) to impact future stroke risk. Data Access Statement: The design and rationale of INTERSTROKE was published previously. Individual participant data, or other documents are not available.

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International Journal of Stroke

Título del artículo:

Causal association between environmental variables and the excess cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia: are we looking to the wrong side?

Our main aim was to estimate and compare the effects of six environmental variables (air temperature, soil temperature, rainfall, runoff, soil moisture, and the enhanced vegetation index) on excess cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia. We used epidemiological data from the Colombian Public Health Surveillance System (January 2007 to December 2019). Environmental data were obtained from remote sensing sources including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS), and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. Data on population were obtained from the TerriData dataset. We implemented a causal inference approach using a machine learning algorithm to estimate the causal association of the environmental variables on the monthly occurrence of excess cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The results showed that the largest causal association corresponded to soil moisture with a lag of 3 months, with an average increase of 8.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.7–8.3%) in the occurrence of excess cases. The temperature-related variables (air temperature and soil temperature) had a positive causal effect on the excess cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis. It is noteworthy that rainfall did not have a statistically significant causal effect. This information could potentially help to monitor and control cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia, providing estimates of causal effects using remote sensor variables.

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International Journal of Biometeorology

Título del artículo:

Co-bots to improve occupational health and safety: preliminary analysis and integration proposal at Dana-Transejes, Colombia

The adoption of advanced technologies, such as automation and robotics, is crucial in the era of Industry 4.0 for optimizing industrial processes. This article presents a detailed analysis and integration proposal of a collaborative robot (Co-BOT) at the DANA-Transejes production plant, focusing on improving occupational health and safety for operators while increasing operational efficiency. The methodology employed follows a mixed-methods approach, combining the characterization of the current process with qualitative and quantitative data provided by the company, along with direct observations. This characterization identified operational inefficiencies and ergonomic risks related to the manual handling of heavy loads. Based on these findings, a proposal for Co-BOT implementation was developed, detailing technical, operational, and economic aspects of the integration. The estimated results project a 15% reduction in production cycle times, an increase of 375 additional boxes per year, and a significant improvement in safety, reducing the risk of work-related injuries by 100% for specific tasks. Moreover, a reduction in costs due to recovery breaks and medical leaves is expected, contributing to an annual economic saving of approximately $23,950 USD. This study demonstrates the feasibility of implementing Co-BOTs in Latin American industrial environments, highlighting their potential as a cost-effective solution for improving competitiveness and operational sustainability in regions with limited investment in technological innovation.

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Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

Virtual training in mathematical competencies through the Khan Academy platform.

The purpose of the article lies in the creation of virtual training courses on the Khan Academy platform, based on the results of the academic performance of students entering the first semester of University, in Mathematical skills. The methodology was non-experimental, transectional design, explanatory level and type of field. The population and sample were (189) students, with an instrument validated by five experts in the area, Likert-type scale. Based on the analysis of results, virtual training courses in mathematics were created. According to the study, it was found that 31% of the student population has a performance level of (0-35), where the student can probably read specific information. At level (36-50), 31% of the population was found, where the student is able to compare and establish relationships between presented data. At level (51-70), 19% was presented, where the student selects information, points out errors and makes different types of simple arithmetic and algebraic transformations and manipulations. Finally, at level (71-100), it was 20%, here problems are solved and justify the truth or falsity of statements that require the use of concepts of probability, algebraic properties, trigonometric relations and characteristics of real functions.

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Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

Challenges and barriers to overcome as perceived by students with disabilities in higher education.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the perception of students with disabilities about the barriers to their inclusion in the university environment, using a qualitative methodology under a descriptive approach, which included semi-structured interviews to 6 students with disabilities enrolled within the campus, who agreed to participate voluntarily in the study, which allowed a deep immersion and the generation of a holistic analysis regarding their experiences in the educational process. The data analysis was carried out through the coding process following the principles of grounded theory proposed by Staruss and Corbin, in order to identify emerging themes and patterns from the data collected, ensuring ethical principles, including the anonymity of the information collected, to obtain the information a semi-structured interview script containing 15 open questions was designed, in order to identify recurring ideas, key concepts, coincidences, and underlying patterns, which allowed the generation and grouping of the emerging categories of the study, Subsequently, the data were interpreted and contrasted with the theoretical framework to be discussed in terms of meaning and relevance to the research. This research approach allowed for a richer, deeper and more detailed exploration of the participants\' experiences, perspectives and emotions. Among the most significant findings found, the study revealed that the interviewed students with disabilities feel included and supported by their peers in classrooms in the university environment, valuing their contributions and perceiving empathy and respect from them. However, they express the lack of disposition of some professors, who hinder their academic processes, by not understanding the limitations or difficulties that they present, likewise the insufficient signage in the facilities is highlighted, the results found show progress in terms of accessibility and inclusion, but also highlight the need to address the barriers that still limit the full integration of these students in their educational process.

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Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

The 2030 agenda of the united nations sustainable development goals (Sdgs): integration and impact on education in Cúcuta, Colombia

This study analyzes the integration of the United Nations\' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within the educational system of Cúcuta, Colombia. Using a quantitative approach, it assessed the knowledge and commitment of pre-service and in-service teachers regarding the SDGs, as well as the implementation of sustainable practices within their institutions. The results reveal significant differences in SDG knowledge levels between the two groups, underscoring the need to strengthen sustainability training from the early stages of teacher education. Additionally, challenges were identified in the effective implementation of the SDGs, particularly regarding the ongoing professional development of in-service teachers. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the importance of comprehensive teacher training focused on sustainability and offers recommendations for educational policies and future research.

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Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

Face and content validity of an instrument to measure dampness and mold damage in a Spanish-speaking Latin American context

Introduction: Exposure to dampness and mold in houses can lead to health problems among residents. Objective: To assess the face and content validity of the \"Dampness and Mold Assessment Tool. General Buildings\" instrument, proposed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, for use in Spanish-speaking Latin American contexts. Materials and Methods: A face and content validation study was conducted through expert evaluation using the Delphi method. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated for clarity, coherence, sufficiency, and relevance, as well as the level of agreement among raters. Results: A total of 20 expert evaluators participated, with an average of 18.5 ± 9.09 years of experience; 50% held doctoral degrees, and the other 50% held master s degrees. The CVI scores were above 0.75 for all items, except for \"room/area type\" which had a CVI of 0.65. Agreement among experts was statistically significant (p < 0.05) except for \"room/area type\" (p = 0.055). Adjustments to the instrument were made based on the evaluators\' recommendations. Discussion: This study is one of the first to validate this instrument, with potential for adaptation to various settings beyond residential, including hospitals, educational institutions, and workplaces. Conclusion: The face and content validation process enabled the development of an instrument for assessing dampness and mold damage in Spanish-speaking Latin American settings, generating a semi-quantitative indicator. This tool is recommended for use in home visits and research to support data on factor validity, Rasch analysis, and reliability in its application.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Revista Cuidarte

Título del artículo:

Engineering education. A comparative analysis of burnout syndrome in theoretical and practical university academic staff

The objective was to carry out a comparative analysis of Burnout Syndrome in university professors who teach theoretical and practical subjects in engineering. The hypothesis states that practical subjects generate greater stress than theoretical ones, increasing the risk of Burnout. The study was quantitative, field and correlational, with a purposive sample of 60 teachers (20 industrial engineering, 20 mechanics and 20 electronics) from a public university in Cúcuta, Colombia. The CBP-R scale was used to measure stress and Burnout, with a reliability coefficient of 0.8. The subscales evaluated were: personal exhaustion (8 items), depersonalization (4 items) and lack of fulfillment (7 items). The results showed that mechanical engineering teaching, both theoretical and practical, presents high levels of burnout. Theoretical electronic engineering and practical industrial engineering have a predominance of low depersonalization, although electronics shows a slight tendency to the medium-high range. In all three engineering, theoretical and practical, a high scale of lack of fulfillment was recorded. Regarding the burnout and depersonalization dimensions, a directly proportional relationship was found between theoretical and practical teaching in the three engineering fields, with an α<0.05, indicating a significant correlation for the development of Burnout syndrome. However, in the lack of accomplishment, although a proportional relationship was also observed, it was not statistically significant (α>0.05). In general, the statistical analysis showed a high significance in the relationship between Burnout, the groups of teachers (theory and practice) and the three engineering fields evaluated.

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Aibi, Revista de Investigacion Administracion e Ingenierias

Título del artículo:

Knowledge on muscle strength among health professionals in Colombia: cross- sectional study

Introduction: Low muscle strength is a risk factor for various health conditions such as cardiometabolic diseases, neurodegenerative syndromes and mortality. Objective: Evaluate the knowledge of muscle strength in health professionals in Colombia. Materials and Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in health professionals attending two continuing medical education events. Three components were evaluated through a questionnaire: identification of muscle strength as a risk factor for health conditions, measurement of muscle strength and education in muscle strength. Results: 501 participants (52.49% women) were evaluated. Of these, 53.89% (n=270) were general practitioners, 18.16% (n=91) specialists and 6.18% (n=31) nurses. The association between low muscle strength and cardiometabolic diseases was identified by 56.67% (n=153) of general practitioners and 41.94% (n=13) of nurses. The indication for measuring muscle strength in older adults was recognized by 86.81% (n=79) of specialist physicians and 41.94% (n=13) of nurses. 32.93% (n=165) of the participants were aware of some method for measurement. Physiotherapists were the group that mostly reported measuring muscle strength by 83.33% (n=20). Only 29.03% (n=9) of the nurses had received academic information on muscle strength. Discussion and Conclusions: This study demonstrates the lack of knowledge on low muscle strength, its association with health conditions and measurement methods, and the lack of information about published literature on the subject. Educational interventions are needed to incorporate muscular strength evaluation into the clinical practice.

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Revista Cuidarte

Título del artículo:

Carbonated Beverage, Fruit Drink, and Water Consumption and Risk of Acute Stroke: the INTERSTROKE Case-Control Study

Background and Purpose Cold beverage intake (carbonated drinks, fruit juice/drinks, and water) may be important population-level exposures relevant to stroke risk and prevention. We sought to explore the association between intake of these beverages and stroke. Methods INTERSTROKE is an international matched case-control study of first stroke. Participants reported beverage intake using food frequency questionnaires or were asked “How many cups do you drink each day of water?” Multivariable conditional logistic regression estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations with stroke. Results We include 13,462 cases and 13,488 controls; mean age was 61.7±13.4 years and 59.6% (n=16,010) were male. After multivariable adjustment, carbonated beverages were linearly associated with ischemic stroke (OR 2.39 [95% CI 1.64–3.49]); only consumption once/day was associated with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (OR 1.58 [95% CI 1.23–2.03]). There was no association between fruit juice/drinks and ischemic stroke, but increased odds of ICH for once/day (OR 1.37 [95% CI 1.08–1.75)] or twice/day (OR 3.18 [95% CI 1.69–5.97]). High water intake (>7 cups/day) was associated ischemic stroke (OR 0.82 [95% CI 0.68–0.99]) but not ICH. Associations differed by geographical region—increased odds for carbonated beverages in some regions only; opposing directions of association of fruit juices/drinks with stroke in selected regions. Conclusion Carbonated beverages were associated with increased odds of ischemic stroke and ICH, fruit juice/drinks were associated with increased odds of ICH, and high water consumption was associated with reduced odds of ischemic stroke, with important regional differences. Our findings suggest optimizing water intake, minimizing fruit juice/drinks, and avoiding carbonated beverages.

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Journal of Stroke

Título del artículo:

Neonatal pneumothorax and denitrogenization. Reflections on the intervention. Case report

INTRODUCTION: The pneumothorax is consequence of the most frequent air leak in the neonatal period and its treatment is based mainly on severity of clinical manifestations. Oxygen treatment at high concentrations (Nitrogen washout) to those with mild to moderate clinical manifestations has been a therapy used to achieve its rapid resolution; However, its usefulness is controversial. CLINICAL CASES: 36-week neonates that presented spontaneous pneumothorax of 30-45%, associated with mild to moderate respiratory distress. Therefore, oxygen was indicated at high concentrations with adequate clinical response. CONCLUSIONS: The use of oxygen at high concentrations for the treatment of pneumothorax has not generated advantages by recent studies. On the contrary, there may be side effects from hyperoxia and other unfavorable clinical outcomes. In spite of this, there is likely to exist trends for use, with apparent good results. However, for recently studies, this intervention should be avoided and must follow up on the results of pneumothorax in each unit.

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Acta Pediatrica de Mexico

Título del artículo:

Two-time Parranda. The Slow Death of the Matachín of Capitanejo

This article analyzes how the parranda of matachines in Capitanejo, Santander, is transformed after the paramilitary incursion at the beginning of 2000, finding a simulation of the real party. This research has been carried out through participant observation and semi-structured interviews, from the prolonged field work carried out in December 2014 and the uninterrupted participation in the parranda of matachines of Capitanejo during the last eleven years. I conclude that the parranda of matachines are in a moment of crisis in which they can take two opposite directions: merge into a generic costume party, losing their meaning and therefore assuming the risk of disappearing, or recovering their vocation as world upside down, breaking institutional dependency. This analysis contributes to the studies of festivals and carnivals in Colombia, understanding their depth in the social dynamics of the present.

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Revista Colombiana de Antropologia

Título del artículo:

Interaction between Plants and Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) for Sustainable Development

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Bacteria

Título del artículo:

RESILIENCE AND LESSONS LEARNED IN COLOMBIAN FAMILY FARMING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Background: A health crisis exposes people to food vulnerability by restricting the mobilization and commercial exchange of food. During the COVID-19 pandemic, an ample food supply was available to ensure the basic consumption of the population, prompting two questions: What resilient practices did farmers adopt to produce under conditions of high sanitary restriction, and what lessons did they derive to confront future crises? Objective: The article presents and collects the experiences of 59 small family farmers in Colombia in implementing good practices for economic and financial resilience and the lessons learned from the Covid-19 pandemic, constituting a new source of knowledge to understand human behaviors and actions in the face of adversity and the experiential learnings gained to act in future crisis scenarios. Methodology: To characterize the resilient practices of agricultural producers in the department of Norte de Santander, Colombia, amid the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, researchers conducted interviews with 59 smallholder farmers from 12 municipalities. The study encompassed 11 agricultural products and 6 animal products, ultimately identifying three overarching categories: economic resilience, financial resilience, and lessons learned. Main Results: The results indicate strategies for diversification of production, use of local resources, solidarity-based family work, short marketing chains and an economy of scarcity in family spending. Implications: These lessons can inform future policies and practices to better prepare for and respond to similar challenges. Conclusion: The study\'s findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and small farmers, emphasizing the importance of local resource utilization, community cooperation, and adaptive strategies to enhance resilience and sustain livelihoods during crises.

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Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems

Título del artículo:

Selective oxidation of glycerol mediated by surface plasmon of gold nanoparticles deposited on titanium dioxide nanowires

This paper describes an alternative method for the in situ synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with a particle size of less than 3 nm, using nanoreactors formed by reverse micelles of 1,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium (AOT) and nanoparticle stabilization with L-cysteine, which favor the preparation of nanoparticles with size and shape control, which are homogeneously dispersed (1% by weight) on the support of titanium dioxide nanowires (TNWs). To study the activity and selectivity of the prepared catalyst (AuNPs@TNWs), an aqueous solution of 40 mM glycerol was irradiated with a green laser (λ = 530 nm, power = 100 mW) in the presence of the catalyst and O2 as an oxidant at 22 °C for 6 h, obtaining a glycerol conversion of 86% with a selectivity towards hydroxypyruvic acid (HA) of more than 90%. From the control and reactions, we concluded that the Ti–OH groups promote the glycerol adsorption on the nanowires surface and the surface plasmon of the gold nanoparticles favors the selectivity of the reaction towards the hydroxypyruvic acid.

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Chemosphere

Título del artículo:

Removal of As(V) in the presence of Cr(VI) in contaminated water from the Bajio region of Mexico using ferrihydrite-functionalized graphene oxide (GOFH): A case study

The presence of heavy metals such as arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr) can be considered one of the most toxic heavy metals. This study aims to develop and evaluate a graphene oxide (GO) based material functionalized with ferrihydrite for the removal of As(V) in the presence of Cr(VI). The adsorbent ferrihydrite-functionalized graphene oxide (GOFH) was characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, XPS, surface charge, BET and TGA. Individual adsorption capacities for As(V) and Cr(VI) were 160 and 66 mg g−1 respectively at pH 4 and 298 K, fitting the Langmuir model. In binary systems, GOFH adsorbed As(V) with an adsorption capacity of 137 mg g−1 in the presence of 20 mg L−1 Cr(VI) at room temperature. Thermodynamic analysis revealed an exothermic and spontaneous process. Additionally, GOFH effectively removed several coexisting anions from groundwater, including SO42−, CO32− and Cl−. This work evidences the potential of GOFH for competitive adsorption of priority pollutants from complex matrices. The GOFH material represents a technically and economically viable technology for application in groundwater decontamination, as it requires inexpensive precursors and ambient conditions during synthesis and operation.

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Emerging Contaminants

Título del artículo:

A more thorough analysis of the countermovement jump demonstrates changes in neuromuscular performance during pre and early competitive season in elite futsal players

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the variations on vertical jump and sprint performance during the first weeks of a futsal season. Methods: Eleven elite futsal players, competing in Spain’s 1st division over the season 2019–2020, performed two countermovement jumps (CMJ) on a force platform and a sprint test of 10-m at three different timepoints: before the pre-season; immediately after the pre-season; and early in-season. A one-way repeated measure ANOVA with post-hoc pairwise comparisons and effect sizes (ESs) were used. Results: Non-significant and trivial changes were observed in CMJ height (p = 0.830; ES = 0.12) among the three timepoints. However, significant and moderate positive changes among seasons were found in specific CMJ kinetic variables such as: modified reactive strength index (p = 0.011; ES = 0.60), eccentric (Ecc) peak force (p = 0.011; ES = 0.65), Ecc deceleration rate of force development (p = 0.008; ES = 0.60), Ecc duration (p = 0.040; ES = 0.89), and concentric (p = 0.030; ES = 0.45) and landing peak force (p = 0.012; ES = 0.68). A significant time interaction was observed in sprint performance (p = 0.038; ES = 0.58); however, non-significant and small-moderate changes were detected in sprint time when compared among periods. Conclusion: In conclusion, CMJ kinetic variables should be incorporated and analyzed alongside more standard measures (CMJ height) to monitor performance in elite futsal players, as changes of substantial magnitude were observed in phase-specific metrics during the pre-season and the initial stages of the competitive calendar.

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Sport Sciences for Health

Título del artículo:

General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants

Background: Adiposity can be measured using BMI (which is based on weight and height) as well as indices of abdominal adiposity. We examined the association between BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) within and across populations of different world regions and quantified how well these two metrics discriminate between people with and without hypertension. Methods: We used data from studies carried out from 1990 to 2023 on BMI, WHtR and hypertension in people aged 20–64 years in representative samples of the general population in eight world regions. We graphically compared the regional distributions of BMI and WHtR, and calculated Pearson\'s correlation coefficients between BMI and WHtR within each region. We used mixed-effects linear regression to estimate the extent to which WHtR varies across regions at the same BMI. We graphically examined the prevalence of hypertension and the distribution of people who have hypertension both in relation to BMI and WHtR, and we assessed how closely BMI and WHtR discriminate between participants with and without hypertension using C-statistic and net reclassification improvement (NRI). Findings: The correlation between BMI and WHtR ranged from 0·76 to 0·89 within different regions. After adjusting for age and BMI, mean WHtR was highest in south Asia for both sexes, followed by Latin America and the Caribbean and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. Mean WHtR was lowest in central and eastern Europe for both sexes, in the high-income western region for women, and in Oceania for men. Conversely, to achieve an equivalent WHtR, the BMI of the population of south Asia would need to be, on average, 2·79 kg/m2 (95% CI 2·31–3·28) lower for women and 1·28 kg/m2 (1·02–1·54) lower for men than in the high-income western region. In every region, hypertension prevalence increased with both BMI and WHtR. Models with either of these two adiposity metrics had virtually identical C-statistics and NRIs for every region and sex, with C-statistics ranging from 0·72 to 0·81 and NRIs ranging from 0·34 to 0·57 in different region and sex combinations. When both BMI and WHtR were used, performance improved only slightly compared with using either adiposity measure alone. Interpretation: BMI can distinguish young and middle-aged adults with higher versus lower amounts of abdominal adiposity with moderate-to-high accuracy, and both BMI and WHtR distinguish people with or without hypertension. However, at the same BMI level, people in south Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa, have higher WHtR than in the other regions. Funding: UK Medical Research Council and UK Research and Innovation (Innovate UK).

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The Lancet

Título del artículo:

Core outcome sets for trials of interventions to prevent and to treat multimorbidity in adults in low and middle-income countries: The COSMOS study

Introduction The burden of multimorbidity is recognised increasingly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), creating a strong emphasis on the need for effective evidence-based interventions. Core outcome sets (COS) appropriate for the study of multimorbidity in LMICs do not presently exist. These are required to standardise reporting and contribute to a consistent and cohesive evidence-base to inform policy and practice. We describe the development of two COS for intervention trials aimed at preventing and treating multimorbidity in adults in LMICs. Methods To generate a comprehensive list of relevant prevention and treatment outcomes, we conducted a systematic review and qualitative interviews with people with multimorbidity and their caregivers living in LMICs. We then used a modified two-round Delphi process to identify outcomes most important to four stakeholder groups (people with multimorbidity/caregivers, multimorbidity researchers, healthcare professionals and policymakers) with representation from 33 countries. Consensus meetings were used to reach agreement on the two final COS. Registration: https://www.comet-initiative.org/Studies/Details/1580. Results The systematic review and qualitative interviews identified 24 outcomes for prevention and 49 for treatment of multimorbidity. An additional 12 prevention and 6 treatment outcomes were added from Delphi round 1. Delphi round 2 surveys were completed by 95 of 132 round 1 participants (72.0%) for prevention and 95 of 133 (71.4%) participants for treatment outcomes. Consensus meetings agreed four outcomes for the prevention COS: (1) adverse events, (2) development of new comorbidity, (3) health risk behaviour and (4) quality of life; and four for the treatment COS: (1) adherence to treatment, (2) adverse events, (3) out-of-pocket expenditure and (4) quality of life. Conclusion Following established guidelines, we developed two COS for trials of interventions for multimorbidity prevention and treatment, specific to adults in LMIC contexts. We recommend their inclusion in future trials to meaningfully advance the field of multimorbidity research in LMICs. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020197293.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

BMJ Global Health

Título del artículo:

Effects of Ti substitution by Zr, on the microstructure and hydrogen storage properties OF Ti2-xZrxCrV (x = 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2) alloys

The effect of the substitution of Ti by Zr on the crystal structure, microstructure, and first hydrogenation behavior of Ti2-xZrxCrV where X = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 have been investigated. The samples were synthesized by arc-melting and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The hydrogenation capacity was measured using a home-made Sieverts apparatus. Pure-Ti2CrV crystallizes in a body-centered cubic structure (BCC). Substitution of Ti by Zr leads to the appearance of a secondary phase, namely a C15 Laves phase for the Ti-containing samples, and C15 Laves phase plus a Zr-rich phase for the X = 2.0 sample. The substitution of Ti by Zr increased the lattice parameters in both phases for all samples. Increasing Zr content made the first hydrogenation faster but reduced the hydrogen capacity.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Heliyon

Título del artículo:

Optimization of the Photo-Fenton process for the effective removal of chemical oxygen demand and phenols in portable toilet wastewater: A treatment study under real world conditions

Wastewater from portable toilets (WWPT) is characterized by a high content of organic matter and a variety of chemical compounds that retain bad odors, especially phenols, a type of pollutant that is difficult to degrade by conventional treatments; in addition, it is persistent, toxic, and accumulates in the aquatic environment. Although different successful experiences with the use of Photo-Fenton are reported in the scientific domain, its application in WWPT is scarce and warrants study due to the wide use of portable toilets. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Photo-Fenton oxidation process in the removal of organic matter expressed as COD in a WWPT, as well as the reduction of phenols and BOD5. The experimental runs were carried out in a 0.50 L batch reactor to evaluate the effect of the factors (H2O2: 0.019, 25.56, 40.67, 87.24, 148.91, 174.45 g L−1 and pH: 2.80, 3.00, 3.27, 4.40, 5.53, 6.00 UNT) on COD removal and sludge production. It was found that the optimum operating conditions of pH 4.72 and H2O2 dosage of 174.45 g L−1 reduced the concentration of phenols by 97.83 % and 95.49 % of COD. In addition, 98.01 % of BOD5 was reduced, resulting in a biodegradability ratio (BOD5/COD) of 0.23 compared to the untreated wastewater of 0.53. From a cost perspective, the use of Photo-Fenton to treat wastewater under these conditions would be US$ 1.15 per liter.

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Heliyon

Título del artículo:

Photo-assisted selective oxidation of monoterpenes by a covalently supported dioxo-molybdenum complex on TiO2: Effect of electron donor ligands

High-valent dioxo-Mo species have demonstrated the ability to catalyze industrially interesting alkene-to-epoxide transformations via oxygen atom transfer (OAT) reactions. The impact of electron donor ligands of dioxo-molybdenum complexes [MoO2Ln] covalently supported on TiO2 nanotubes (MoO2Ln/TiO2[sbnd]NT) on OAT to α-pinene, β-pinene, (R)-limonene and camphene has been investigated through the use of UV–vis radiation and molecular oxygen. Molybdenum complexes with electron donor ligands, such as bipyridine, bispyrazole, and terpyridine, exhibited high conversion and selectivity towards epoxide formation. This suggests that electron donation enhances the efficiency of photostimulated OAT. The photonic efficiency (ξ) demonstrates a linear correlation between the ligand structure and the OAT activity, indicating that the electron donation of the ligands enhances electron mobility towards the Mo=O bond. This correlation is evident in the position of the IR and Raman νsym(O=Mo=O) and vasym(O=Mo=O) vibrations of the complex Mo.

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Molecular Catalysis

Título del artículo:

Activity limitations, use of assistive devices, and mortality and clinical events in 25 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: an analysis of the PURE study

Background: The focus of most epidemiological studies has been mortality or clinical events, with less information on activity limitations related to basic daily functions and their consequences. Standardised data from multiple countries at different economic levels in different regions of the world on activity limitations and their associations with clinical outcomes are sparse. We aimed to quantify the prevalence of activity limitations and use of assistive devices and the association of limitations with adverse outcomes in 25 countries grouped by different economic levels. Methods: In this analysis, we obtained data from individuals in 25 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study (175 660 participants). In the PURE study, individuals aged 35–70 years who intended to continue living in their current home for a further 4 years were invited to complete a questionnaire on activity limitations. Participant follow-up was planned once every 3 years either by telephone or in person. The activity limitation screen consisted of questions on self-reported difficulty with walking, grasping, bending, seeing close, seeing far, speaking, hearing, and use of assistive devices (gait, vision, and hearing aids). We estimated crude prevalence of self-reported activity limitations and use of assistive devices, and prevalence standardised by age and sex. We used logistic regression to additionally adjust prevalence for education and socioeconomic factors and to estimate the probability of activity limitations and assistive devices by age, sex, and country income. We used Cox frailty models to evaluate the association between each activity limitation with mortality and clinical events (cardiovascular disease, heart failure, pneumonia, falls, and cancer). The PURE study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03225586. Findings: Between Jan 12, 2001, and May 6, 2019, 175 584 individuals completed at least one question on the activity limitation questionnaire (mean age 50·6 years [SD 9·8]; 103 625 [59%] women). Of the individuals who completed all questions, mean follow-up was 10·7 years (SD 4·4). The most common self-reported activity limitations were difficulty with bending (23 921 [13·6%] of 175 515 participants), seeing close (22 532 [13·4%] of 167 801 participants), and walking (22 805 [13·0%] of 175 554 participants); prevalence of limitations was higher with older age and among women. The prevalence of all limitations standardised by age and sex, with the exception of hearing, was highest in low-income countries and middle-income countries, and this remained consistent after adjustment for socioeconomic factors. The use of gait, visual, and hearing aids was lowest in low-income countries and middle-income countries, particularly among women. The prevalence of seeing close limitation was four times higher (6257 [16·5%] of 37 926 participants vs 717 [4·0%] of 18 039 participants) and the prevalence of seeing far limitation was five times higher (4003 [10·6%] of 37 923 participants vs 391 [2·2%] of 18 038 participants) in low-income countries than in high-income countries, but the prevalence of glasses use in low-income countries was half that in high-income countries. Walking limitation was most strongly associated with mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 1·32 [95% CI 1·25–1·39]) and most consistently associated with other clinical events, with other notable associations observed between seeing far limitation and mortality, grasping limitation and cardiovascular disease, bending limitation and falls, and between speaking limitation and stroke. Interpretation: The global prevalence of activity limitations is substantially higher in women than men and in low-income countries and middle-income countries compared with high-income countries, coupled with a much lower use of gait, visual, and hearing aids. Strategies are needed to prevent and mitigate activity limitations globally, with particular emphasis on low-income countries and women. Funding: Funding sources are listed at the end of the Article.

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The Lancet